There has been much debate in recent years about the rights and entitlements of older people, especially as their numbers grow. What types of services and entitlements should have been and who should have the duty to provide and fund them. Much of the debate has concentrated on the role of the State.

The Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA), adopted by the United Nations Member States in 2002, recommends many specific rights for older persons in a wide range of areas. In its Priority Direction 1 - Older Persons and Development, MIPAA specifies, "active participation in society and development, work and the ageing labour force, access to knowledge, education and training, intergenerational solidarity and eradication of poverty". In addition, Priority Direction 111 - Ensuring Enabling and Supportive Environments, focuses on "housing and the living environment, neglect, abuse and violence and images of ageing." The rights forming the basic pillars of social protection are, among others: the right to a retirement with sufficient income to ensure security and dignity in their remaining life; access to health and social care services ensuring their personal independence and quality of life, and social inclusion.

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